Basic types of coal mining

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Open pit mining

When the seam is close to the surface, the use of open pit mining is more economical. The soil above the seam is called topsoil. Explode explosives in the undeveloped topsoil, and then remove the topsoil using equipment such as dredges, excavators, and trucks. These topsoils are filled into previously mined pits. After the topsoil is removed, the seam will be exposed; this time the Nuggets drill broken or shattered, ore will be transported by truck election coal plant for further processing. When the ore is mined, repeat the same steps next door. The open-pit mining method can obtain a larger ratio of coal mines than underground mining because more mineral deposits are utilized. Open pit mining can cover an area of ​​several square kilometers. About 40% of the world's coal mine production uses open-pit mining.

Underground mining

Most of the seams are far from the surface and therefore cannot be used for open pit mining. Underground mining accounts for 60% of the world's coal mine production. In the pit, the pillar method is usually used to propel in the seam, and the beam is used to support the pit. There are four main underground mining methods:

Longwall mining – mining faces that are more than 300 meters long. A precision mining machine moves back and forth in the mine tunnel. The loose ore falls into the conveyor belt and moves to the work area.

Continuous mining – scraping coal from a seam with a machine with a tungsten carbide drill. Operate in the "Room Method" system – work in a series of room areas of approximately 10 meters.

Blasting – the traditional method of mining. Use explosives to break up the ore and collect the ore in a mine car or conveyor belt.

Shortwall mining – using continuous mining machines. Similar to longwall mining with movable pit support

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